Myopia (nearsightedness) is a common vision problem. In this condition, people can't see distant objects clearly; thus, far objects seem blurry, while people can see close objects clear and sharp. Simply, you can read books easily, while facing difficulty in driving, particularly at night, you can’t see clearly light signals (far objects).
Myopia is a pretty common eye condition. According to the American Optometric Association, nearly 30% of people are affected by Myopia in the United States.
Causes of Myopia
Myopia is an anatomical problem that happens when your eyeball (protective outer layer of the eye) is too long, or the cornea is curved than normal, which causes the light to stop in front of the retina instead of directly falling on it. The retina is the light-sensitive screen present at the back of your eye. It creates an image by focusing light. In this condition, an image is formed in front of the retina instead of on the retina, resulting in distant objects appearing blurry.Scientists still don't find out the exact reason why Myopia develops in some people, and others don't have it. Myopia could be a genetic problem; if both parents have Myopia, there are more chances that their children get myopia than others.
Children who stay mostly indoors and go outside for little time and do massive close work may have higher chances of receiving myopia. Other eye problems such as diabetes and cataracts may also cause myopia.
Types of Myopia
Myopia or nearsightedness may produce gradually or suddenly, and it can start between 6 and 14 and may worsen until you cross your twenties—however, there are three types of Myopia.Normal Myopia
In normal Myopia, your eye is almost healthy. You may feel little vision changes that can be corrected by wearing contact lenses or glasses.High Myopia
High myopia is a severe form of this condition; the eyeball is longer than supposed, which causes objects to appear more blurry. Along with blurry vision, it also increases the chances of developing other problems such as; retinal detachments, cataracts, and glaucoma.Pathological Myopia
Pathological, also known as degenerative or malignant myopia and a rare type of myopia. In this condition, your eyeball grows longer quickly, leading to severe myopia, which makes it hard to see objects at a distance. It usually develops in teenage or adult age and inherits from their parents. And many other serious issues arise like; abnormal growth of blood vessels in the eye, detached retina, and glaucoma.Symptoms of Myopia
The main sign of Myopia is blurry vision. However, you may feel the symptoms of myopia are including;- Objects seem blurry at a distance
- Headaches
- Eyestrain
- Squinting
- Difficulty in seeing, particularly at night
Treatment
Luckily, various treatments are available to treat myopia. Your optometric would select what kind of treatment you should receive depending on your disease condition. Doctors may sometimes recommend taking mitoq supplement which can help with the condition.If you have normal or simple Myopia, the doctor prescribes a custom lens that fits in your eyes. This problem can be fixed by wearing glasses. You can also use a contact lens.
If you are diagnosed with mild myopia, corneal refractive therapy (orthokeratology) may benefit you. You have to wear rigid contact lenses to correct cornea shape in this treatment.
When severe myopia develops, then surgery is the last solution. Mostly, laser surgery is used to correct the vision, but other forms of surgery are also available.
Conclusion
Myopia is a common vision problem, you can see near items clearly, but you can't see far things clearly or sharp. It occurs when your eyeball grows too long, or the cornea is curved more than normal, which spurs the light to focus in front of the cornea instead of directly on it. Thus far, objects appear blurry or unclear. However, many treatments are present that can correct this problem.Reference
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/myopia
